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Circulatory/Respiratory System Test

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 1. 
The ventricles are
a.
the upper chambers of the heart.
b.
the chambers of the heart that pump blood to the lungs and the rest of the body.
c.
the chambers of the heart that receive blood from the lungs and the rest of the body.
d.
lower chambers of the heart that contract separately.
 
 
nar001-1.jpg
 

 2. 
Refer to the illustration above. Structure 4 is
a.
the right atrium.
c.
the right ventricle.
b.
the left atrium.
d.
the left ventricle.
 

 3. 
Refer to the illustration above. The aorta is structure
a.
2.
c.
5.
b.
3.
d.
6.
 

 4. 
Refer to the illustration above. The vessels labeled “2” carry deoxygenated blood. The vessels are
a.
the pulmonary arteries.
c.
parts of the aorta.
b.
the pulmonary veins.
d.
parts of the atria.
 

 5. 
Refer to the illustration above. Blood in chamber 1
a.
is full of oxygen.
c.
has a low concentration of oxygen.
b.
is going toward the lungs.
d.
has very little plasma.
 

 6. 
Vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called
a.
veins.
c.
arteries.
b.
capillaries.
d.
venules.
 

 7. 
The heart chamber that receives blood from the venae cavae is the
a.
left atrium.
c.
left ventricle.
b.
right atrium.
d.
right ventricle.
 

 8. 
Blood entering the right atrium
a.
is full of oxygen.
c.
is deoxygenated.
b.
is returning from the lungs.
d.
is low in plasma and platelets.
 

 9. 
Oxygenated blood from the lungs is received by the
a.
left ventricle.
c.
left atrium.
b.
right atrium.
d.
right ventricle.
 

 10. 
Which type of blood vessel is both strong and elastic?
a.
capillary
c.
vein
b.
artery
d.
venule
 

 11. 
An artery has a much thicker muscle layer than
a.
a vein.
c.
a venule.
b.
a capillary.
d.
All of the above
 

 12. 
The smallest and most numerous blood vessels in the body are the
a.
venules.
c.
arteries.
b.
veins.
d.
capillaries.
 

 13. 
An artery
a.
usually carries oxygen-rich blood.
b.
has thin, slightly elastic walls.
c.
has valves that prevent blood from flowing backward.
d.
All of the above
 

 14. 
If a blood vessel has valves, it is probably
a.
a vein.
c.
a venule.
b.
an artery.
d.
part of the lymphatic system.
 

 15. 
The force exerted against the arterial walls when the heart contracts is called
a.
hypertension.
c.
diastolic pressure.
b.
systolic pressure.
d.
arterial relaxation.
 

 16. 
Normal blood pressure in millimeters of mercury is
a.
145/95 for males and 135/85 for females.
b.
130/100 for both males and females.
c.
120/80 for males and 110/70 for females.
d.
100/50 for males and 120/70 for females.
 

 17. 
The pressure exerted on the inner walls of the arteries when the heart relaxes between beats is the ____ pressure.
a.
systolic.
c.
barometric.
b.
diastolic.
d.
residual.
 

 18. 
Pulmonary circulation is the flow of blood to and from the
a.
stomach.
c.
intestines.
b.
liver.
d.
lungs.
 

 19. 
The iron-containing molecule in red blood cells is called
a.
plasma.
c.
hemoglobin.
b.
ferric oxide.
d.
carbonic acid.
 

 20. 
Mature red blood cells
a.
can live for about a year.
c.
promote clotting.
b.
are the largest cells in the blood.
d.
do not have a nucleus.
 

 21. 
Infections generally result in an increase in the number of
a.
leukocytes.
c.
platelets.
b.
erythrocytes.
d.
alveoli.
 

 22. 
Red blood cells
a.
transport respiratory gases.
c.
destroy viruses.
b.
combat bacterial infection.
d.
transport cholesterol.
 

 23. 
Defending the body against bacterial infection and invasion by foreign substances is a function of
a.
red blood cells.
c.
platelets.
b.
plasma.
d.
white blood cells.
 
 
nar002-1.jpg
 

 24. 
Refer to the illustration above. These cells are
a.
filled with plasma.
c.
red blood cells.
b.
platelets.
d.
white blood cells.
 

 25. 
Refer to the illustration above. These cells
a.
can live for at least a year.
b.
are the largest cells in the circulatory system.
c.
promote clotting.
d.
contain hemoglobin.
 

 26. 
nutrients, salts, and proteins : plasma solutes ::
a.
arteries and veins : lymphatic vessels
b.
erythrocytes and leukocytes : blood cells
c.
platelets and megakaryocytes : leukocytes
d.
lymphocytes and macrophages : erythrocytes
 

 27. 
An abnormality involving the platelets would probably affect the process of
a.
breathing.
c.
fighting bacterial infections.
b.
locomotion.
d.
blood clotting.
 

 28. 
Which of the following is not involved in the formation of blood clots?
a.
platelet congregation at the site of rupture of a blood vessel
b.
release of clotting factors from platelets
c.
production of fibrin, a protein
d.
formation of fibrin–red blood cell complexes that circulate in the blood and are too large to move through ruptured blood-vessel walls
 

 29. 
A person with antigen A on their red blood cells can give blood to someone with blood type(s)
a.
A and AB.
c.
only AB.
b.
B and AB.
d.
only O.
 

 30. 
mc030-1.jpg

Refer to the illustration above. The structure labeled “X” is the
a.
epiglottis.
c.
trachea.
b.
pharynx.
d.
larynx.
 

 31. 
During swallowing, the air passageway of the pharynx is covered by the
a.
larynx.
c.
trachea.
b.
epiglottis.
d.
bronchi.
 

 32. 
Alveoli in the lungs are connected to the bronchi by a network of tiny tubes called
a.
arterioles.
c.
capillaries.
b.
venules.
d.
bronchioles.
 

 33. 
bronchiole : alveoli ::
a.
alveoli : bronchi
c.
larynx : pharynx
b.
bronchi : larynx
d.
bronchi : bronchioles
 

 34. 
The actual exchange of gases occurs at the site of the
a.
trachea.
c.
larynx.
b.
nasal passageway.
d.
alveoli.
 

 35. 
Each alveolus
a.
contains many air sacs.
c.
is surrounded by capillaries.
b.
attaches directly to the larynx.
d.
is a large air sac.
 

 36. 
Gas exchange occurs when
a.
oxygen in the alveoli diffuses into the blood in the capillaries.
b.
oxygen binds with hemoglobin in the red blood cells.
c.
the red blood cells give up oxygen to the cells of the body tissues.
d.
All of the above
 

 37. 
Carbon dioxide is transported in the blood in all of the following ways except
a.
dissolved in plasma.
c.
as bicarbonate ions.
b.
combined with hemoglobin.
d.
by white blood cells.
 

 38. 
When the diaphragm and rib cage muscles relax,
a.
the chest cavity enlarges.
c.
expiration occurs.
b.
inspiration occurs.
d.
it is impossible to breathe.
 

 39. 
The dome-shaped muscle below the chest cavity is called the
a.
soleus.
c.
diaphragm.
b.
biceps.
d.
popliteus.
 

 40. 
Which of the following occurs as air rushes into the lungs from the environment to equalize air pressure?
a.
inspiration
c.
expiration
b.
contraction
d.
None of the above
 

Completion
Complete each statement.
 

 41. 
The ____________________ system transports oxygen, carbon dioxide, food molecules, hormones, and other material to and from the cells of the body.
 

 

 42. 
The ____________________ valve prevents blood from going from the left ventricle to the left atrium.
 

 

 43. 
____________________ are the blood vessels that connect the arteries to the veins.
 

 

 44. 
Systolic pressure is caused by contraction of the heart’s ____________________.
 

 

 45. 
The condition that results when blood pressure is consistently higher than normal is called high blood pressure or ____________________.
 

 

 46. 
The major function of ____________________ is to assist in the blood clotting process.
 

 

 47. 
Red blood cells are called ____________________.
 

 

 48. 
Defending the body against bacterial infection and invasion by other foreign substances is the function of ____________________ blood cells.
 

 

 49. 
Antigens determining blood type are carried on the surface of ____________________.
 

 

 50. 
When you swallow, the ____________________ prevents food from entering the trachea.
 

 



 
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